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  • 3 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
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    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
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    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    155. Darwin, C. (1874) The Descent of Man. New York: Hurst.
    156. Davidoff-Hirsch, H. (1985) Oedipal and preoedipal phenomena. JAPA, 33.
    157. Davis, M. & Wallbridge, D. (1981) Boundary and Space. New York: Brunner-Mazel.
    158. Deutsch, H. (1932) Homosexuality in women. PQ, 1.
    159. Deutsch, H. (1934) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    160. Deutsch, H. (1937) Absence of grief. PQ, 6.
    161. Deutsch, H. (1942) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    162. Deutsch, H. (1955) The impostor. In: Neuroses and Character Types. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1965.
    163. Devereux, G. (1953) Why Oedipus killed Lains. IJP, 34.
    164. Dewald, P. (1982) Psychoanalytic perspectives On resistance. In: resistance, Psychodynamics. and Behavioral Approaches, ed. P. Wachtel. New York: Plenum Press.
    165. Dickes, R. (1963) Fetishistic behavior. JAPA. 11.
    166. Dickes, R. (1965) The defensive function of an altered state of consciousness. JAPA, 13.
    167. Dickes, R. (1967) Severe regressive disruption of the therapeutic alliance. JAPA, 15.
    168. Dickes, R. (1981) Sexual myths and misinformation. In: Understanding Human Behaviour in Health and Illness, ed. R. C. Simon & H. Pardes. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
    169. Dorpat, T. L. (1985) Denial and Defense in the Therapeutic Situation. New York: Jason Aronson.
    170. Downey, T. W. (1978) Transitional phenomena in the analysis of early adolescent males. PSOC, 33.
    171. Dunbar, F. (1954) Emotions and Bodily Functions. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    172. Easson, W. M. (1973) The earliest ego development, primitive memory traces, and the Isakower phenomenon. PQ, 42.
    173. Edelheit, H. (1971) Mythopoiesis and the primal scene. Psychoanal. Study Society, 5.
    174. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relation ships, part I. PSOC, 27.
    175. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1975) The phallicnarcissistic phase. PSOC, 30.
    176. Eidelberg, L. (1960) A third contribution to the study of slips of the tongue. IJP, 41.
    177. Eidelberg, L. (1968) Encyclopedia of Psychoanalysis. New York: The Free Press; London: Collier-MacMillan.
    178. Eissler, K. R. (1953) The effect of the structure of the ego on psychoanalytic technique. JAPA, 1.
    179. Ellenberg, H. F. (1970) The Discovery of the Unconscious. New York: Basic Books.
    180. Emde, R. N. (1980) Toward a psychoanalytic theory of affect: I. & G. H. Pollock. Washington NYMH.
    181. Emde R., Gaensbaner, T. & Harmon R. (1976) Emotional Expression in Infancy. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    182. Erode R. & Harmon, R. J. (1972) Endogenous and exogenous smiling systems in early infancy. J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat., 11.
    183. Engel, G. L. (1962) Psychological Development in Health and Disease. New York Saunders.
    184. Engel, G. L. (1967) Psychoanalytic theory of somatic disorder. JAPA, 15.
    185. Engel, G. L. (1968) A reconsideration of the role of conversion in somatic disease. Compr. Psychiat., 94.
    186. English, H. B. & English, A. C. (1958) A comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological and Psychoanalytical Terms. New York: David McKay.
    187. Erard, R. (1983) New wine in old skins. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 10.
    188. Erdelyi, M. H. (1985) Psychoanalysis. New York: W. H. Freeman.
    189. Erikson, E. H. (1950) Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.
    190. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The concept of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    191. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The problem of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    192. Esman, A. H. (1973) The primal scene. PSOC, 28.
    193. Esman, A. H. (1975) The Psychology of Adolescence. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    194. Esman, A. H. (1979) Some reflections on boredom. JAPA, 27.
    195. Esman, A. H. (1983) The "stimulus barrier": a review and reconsideration. PSOC, 38.
    196. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1952) Psychoanalytic Studies of the Personality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    197. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1954) An Object-Relations Theory of the Personality. New York: Basic Books.
    198. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1963) Synopsis of an Object-Relations theory of the personality. IJP, 44.
    199. Fawcett, J., Clark, D. C., Scheftner, W. H. & Hedecker, D. (1983) Differences between anhedonia and normal hedonic depressive states. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 40.
    200. Fenichel, O. (1934) On the psychology of boredom. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, 1953, vol. 1.
    201. Fenichel, O. (1941) Problems of Psychoanalytic Technique. Albany, N. Y.: Psychoanalytic Quaterly.
    202. Fenichel, O. (1945) Character disorders. In: The Psychoanalytic Theory of the Neurosis. New York: Norton.
    203. Fenichel, O. (1945) The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis New York: Norton.
    204. Fenichel, O. (1954) Ego strength and ego weakness. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, vol. 2.
    205. Ferenczi, S. (1909) Introjection and transference. In: Sex in Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    206. Ferenczi, S. (191617) Disease or patho-neurosis. The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press, 1950.
    207. Ferenczi, S. (1925) Psychoanalysis of sexual habits. In: The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    208. Fine, B. D., Joseph, E. D. & Waldhorn, H. F., eds. (1971) Recollection and Reconstruction in Psychoanalysis. Monograph 4, Kris Study Group. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    209. Fink, G. (1967) Analysis of the Isakower phenomenon. JAPA, 15.
    210. Fink, P. J. (1970) Correlation between "actual" neurosis and the work of Masters and Johson. P. Q, 39.
    211. Finkenstein, L. (1975) Awe premature ejaculation. P. Q, 44.
    212. Firestein, S. K. (1978) A review of the literature. In: Termination in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    213. Fisher, C. et. al. (1957) A study of the preliminary stages of the construction of dreams and images. JAPA, 5.
    214. Fisher, C. et. al. (1968) Cycle of penile erection synchronous with dreaming (REM) sleep. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 12.
    215. Fliess, R. (1942) The metapsychology of the analyst. PQ, 12.
    216. Fliess, R. (1953) The Revival of Interest in the Dream. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    217. Fodor, N. & Gaynor, F. (1950) Freud: Dictionary of Psycho-analysis. New York: Philosophical Library.
    218. Fordham, M. (1969) Children as Individuals. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
    219. Fordham, M. (1976) The Self and Autism. London: Academic Press.
    220. Fraiberg, S. (1969) Object constancy and mental representation. PSOC, 24.
    221. Frank, A. Metapsychology. PMS. Forthcoming.
    222. Frank, A. & Muslin, H. (1967) The development of Freud's concept of primal repression. PSOC, 22.
    223. Frank, H. (1977) Dynamic patterns for failure in college students. Can. Psychiat. Ass. J., 22.
    224. French, T. & Fromm, E. (1964) Dream Interpretation. New York: Basic Books.
    225. Freud, A. (1936) The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    226. Freud, A. (1951) Observations on child development. PSOC, 6.
    227. Freud, A. (1952) The mutual influences in the development of ego and id. WAF, 4.
    228. Freud, A. (1958) Adolescence. WAF, 5.
    229. Freud, A. (1962) Assessment of childhood disturbances. PSOC, 17.
    230. Freud, A. (1962) Comments on psychic trauma. In: Furst (1967).
    231. Freud, A. (1963) The concept of developmental lines. PSOC, 18.
    232. Freud, A. (1965) Assessment of pathology, part 2. WAF, 6.
    233. Freud, A. (1965) Normality and Pathology in Childhood. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    234. Freud, A. (1970) The infantile neurosis. WAF, 7.
    235. Freud, A. (1971) Comments on aggression. IJP, 53.
    236. Freud, A. (1971) The infantile neurosis. PSOC, 26.
    237. Freud, A. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    238. Freud, S. (1887—1902) Letters to Wilhelm Fliess. New York: Basic Books, 1954.
    239. Freud, S. (1891) On the interpretation of the aphasias. SE, 3.
    240. Freud, S. (1893—95) Studies on hysteria. SE, 2.
    241. Freud, S. (1894) The neuropsychoses of defence. SE, 3.
    242. Freud, S. (1895) On the ground for detaching a particular syndrome from neurasthenia under the description "anxiety neurosis". SE, 3.
    243. Freud, S. (1895) Project for a scientific psychology. SE, 1.
    244. Freud, S. (1896) Draft K, Jameary 1, 1896, Neuroses of defense (A Christmas fairytale). In: Extracts from the Fliess papers (1892—99).
    245. Freud, S. (1896) Further remarks on the neuropsychosis of defense. SE, 3.
    246. Freud, S. (1896) Heredity and aetiology of neurosis. SE, 3.
    247. Freud, S. (1898) Sexuality in the aetiology of the neurosis. SE, 3.
    248. Freud, S. (1899) Screen memories. SE, 3.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 4 НКУ с защитой от воздействия электрической дуги

    1. internal arc-proof switchgear and controlgear assemblу
    2. arc-resistant switchgear
    3. arc-proof switchgear
    4. arc-proof switchboard
    5. arc-proof low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly

     

    НКУ с защитой от воздействия электрической дуги
    комплектное устройство с защитой от электрической дуги
    низковольтное комплектное устройство с защитой от электрической дуги
    НКУ распределения и управления с защитой от электрической дуги
    -
    [Интент]

    EN

    arc-resistant switchgear
    A type of switchgear design which is designed to withstand the effects of an internal arcing fault, without causing harm to personnel who are located in defined areas. It is not intended to withstand these internal arcing fault without possibly causing physical damage to the structure and/or components, but often the physical damage is less with an arc-resistant design.

    There are three classes of protection:
    Type A - eliminates the emission of gases and particles from the front of the switchgear during an internal arcing fault,
    Type B - eliminates the emission of gases and particles from the front and sides of the switchgear during an internal arcing fault,
    Type C - eliminates the emission of gases and particles from the front and sides of the switchgear, from between compartments within the same cell, and between adjacent cells during an internal arcing fault.

    Arc-resistant switchgear has traditionally been metal-clad, but the basic concept could also be applied to other types of switchgear as well.

    arc-proof switchgear
    An incorrect term. Please refer to arc-resistant switchgear
    [Schneider Electric]
    [ http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/glossary-of-medium-voltage-switchgear-terms]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    If the electric arc occurs inside LV switchgear it generates internal overpressures and results in local overheatings which may cause high mechanical and thermal stresses in the equipment.

    Besides, the involved materials can generate hot decomposition products, gases or fumes, which, due to the overpressure, are almost always ejected to the outside of the enclosure thus jeopardizing the operator safety.

    The European Directive 2006/95/EC states the fundamental safety requirements for low voltage electric materials (from 50 V to 1000 V in alternating current, from 75 V to 1500 V in continuos current) to be put on the market within the European Community.

    Among the essential safety requirements defined by this Directive particular importance is given to the need of taking technical measures to prevent “temperature rises, electric arcs or radiations which may result in hazards” from occurring.

    This aspect has always been highly considered for apparatus, but it has been wrongly neglected for electrical switchgear and only in the last 10-15 years it has been catching on both at Italian as well as at international level.

    Safety for the operator and for the installation in case of arcing inside LV switchgear can be obtained through three different design philosophies:
    1. assemblies mechanically capable of withstanding the electric arc (passive protection)
    2. assemblies equipped with devices limiting the effects of internal arcing (active protection)
    3. assemblies equipped with current limiting circuitbreakers.

    These three solutions (also combined together) have found a remakable development in the industrial field and have been successfully applied by the main manufacturers of LV switchgear and controlgear assemblies.

    As it can be seen hereafter by examining the first two solutions, an “active” protection against arc faults is intrinsecally more complex than a “passive” one.

    This because of the presence of additional electromechanical/ electronic devices5 which limit the arcing effects and which, by their nature, may be subject to faults or not-tripping.

    [ABB]

    Дуга, возникшая внутри НКУ, создает внутреннее избыточное давление и вызывает локальный перегрев, что может привести к воздействию на оборудование значительного механического напряжения и перепада температур.

    Кроме того, под воздействием дуги различные материалы разлагаются на продукты, имеющие высокую температуру, в том числе газы и дым, которые почти всегда вырываются из оболочки НКУ под высоким давлением, подвергая опасности оперативный персонал.

    Европейская директива 2006/95/EC определяет основные требования безопасности для низковольтного (от 50 до 1000 В переменного тока и от 75 до 1500 В постоянного тока) оборудования поставляемого на рынок Европейского Сообщества.

    Одно из основных требований безопасности, определяемое данной директивой как наиболее важное, заключается в необходимости предпринять технические меры для предотвращения "подъема температуры, возникновения электрической дуги или излучения", которые могут причинить ущерб.

    Данная проблема всегда учитывалась при создании различных аппаратов, но незаслуженно игнорировалась при разработке электрических комплектных устройств, и только в последние 10-15 лет ей стали уделять должное внимание как в Италии, так и во всем мире.

    При возникновении электрической дуги внутри НКУ безопасность оператора и электроустановки обеспечивается тремя способами:
    1. Конструкция НКУ должна выдерживать механические воздействия, возникающие при горении электрической дуги (пассивная защита).
    2. НКУ должно быть оснащено устройствами, ограничивающими воздействие электрической дуги (активная защита)
    3. НКУ должны быть оснащены токоограничивающими автоматическими выключателями.

    Указанные три способа (применяемые совместно) получили дальнейшее развитие в промышленности и успешно применяются основными изготовителями НКУ распределения и управления.

    Как будет показано далее при рассмотрении первых двух способов, активная защита от дуговых» неисправностей является более сложной, чем пассивная защита.

    Это объясняется необходимостью использования дополнительных электромеханических или электронных устройств, задачей которых является ограничение воздействий дуги и которые сами могут оказаться неисправными и не сработать.

    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    • НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)

    Синонимы

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > НКУ с защитой от воздействия электрической дуги

  • 5 сила

    ж.
    1. strength, force

    изо всех сил — with all one's strength / might

    бежать изо всех сил — run* as fast / quickly as one can

    силой оружия — by force of arms, at the point of the bayonet / sword

    брать силой — take* by force

    это сверх сил, свыше сил, не по силам — it is beyond one's power(s); (вне чьей-л. компетенции) it is outside one's competence; ( непереносимо) one can endure it no longer

    испытывать чьи-л. силы — lest smb.'s strength

    выбиться из сил — strain oneself to the utmost, become* exhausted

    не в силах (+ инф.) — unable (+ to inf.)

    общими силами — with combined forces / effort

    сила духа, характера — strength of mind, fortitude

    в силу привычки — by force of habit, from sheer force of habit

    собираться с силами — collect one's strength, gather oneself up

    2. тех., физ. power, force

    ударная сила — striking / hitting power; impact

    сила сцепления — cohesive force, cohesion

    сила тяготения — attraction, gravity

    подъёмная сила — carrying capacity / power; ав. lift

    сила тока — current strength; current intensity

    3. мн. воен. force sg.
    4. юр.:

    сила закона — validity / force of the law

    входить, вступать в силу — come* into force, take* effect

    оставаться в силе — remain valid, hold* good / true; (о судебном решении, приговоре) remain in force

    оставлять в силе (вн.; о решении, приговоре) — confirm (d.)

    утратить силу — lose* validity, become* invalid

    5.:

    в силу (рд.) — because of, on account of, owing to, by virtue (of)

    в силу этого — on that ground, accordingly

    в силу закона, декрета и т. п. — on the force of the law, decree, etc.; in virtue of the law, decree, etc.; in virtue of the law, decree, etc.

    он в большой силе — he has great credit, he is very powerful

    рабочая сила — labour force, manpower

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > сила

  • 6 цена цен·а

    1)

    любой ценой — at any price, at all costs

    2) эк. price; (стоимость) cost; (расценка) quotation

    взвинчивать цены — to bid up / to force up / to push up prices

    искусственно повышать или понижать цены — to rig the market

    контролировать цены — to control / to check prices

    корректировать (что-л.) в соответствии с текущими ценами — to adjust to current prices

    набивать цену — to knock up / to force up / to jack up the price

    назначать цену — to price, to quote / to set a price (on)

    сбивать цены — to force down / to send down / to squeeze / to undercut prices

    снижать цены — to bring down / to beat down / to degress / to scale down prices, to make abatement

    устанавливать цены — to set / to ascertain / to prices

    цена подлежит скидке на 5% — price is subject to a discount of 5%

    цены проявляют тенденцию к повышению / понижению — prices tend upward / downward

    цены растут — prices rise / show an upward tendency

    цены упали — the market / the prices fell

    быстро растущие цены — spiralling cost(s), soaring / runaway prices

    высокая цена — expensiveness, high figure / heayy price

    гибкая / эластичная цена — sensitive / flexible price

    договорная цена — negotiated / contract / transaction price

    дутые цены — inflated prices; fancy prices разг.

    единые цены — flat / uniform prices

    запрашиваемая / предлагаемая цена — asked / offered price

    колеблющиеся цены — fluctuating / unsettled prices

    крайняя цена — rock-bottom / outside / marginal / lowest price

    максимальная цена, "потолок цен" — maximum / ceiling / highest price

    минимальная цена — minimum / bottom / floor price

    нарицательная цена — par; nominal price

    неизменная / твёрдая цена — firm / set / fixed / stable / standing price

    низкая цена — low figure / price

    номинальная цена — par value, face value, nominal price

    покупная цена — purchase / buying price

    постоянные цены — fixed / set / constant prices

    в постоянных ценах, выраженных в долларах — in constant dollars

    приемлемая цена — reasonable / fair price

    регулируемые цены — controlled / administered prices

    розничная цена — retail / consumer price

    рыночная цена — market quotation / price

    справедливая цена, цена,, обеспечивающая достаточную прибыль — fair / just / equitable price

    средняя цена — average / mean price

    средняя цена импорта / экспорта — unit value of imports / exports

    стабильные цены — stationary / steady / stable prices

    существующая цена — current / present price

    умеренная цена — moderate / reasonable price

    устойчивые цены — steady / stable prices

    динамика цен — price movement / behaviour / changes

    жёсткость цен (неизменность цены товара, несмотря на кризисные явления) — price discipline / stickness

    компания, устанавливающая цены — price setter

    колебание цен — price range / fluctuation

    диапазон / размер колебаний цен — range of price fluctuation

    масштаб цен — standard / scale of prices

    (небольшая) уступка в цене — shading

    ножницы цен — price scissors / discrepancy

    образование цен — price formation, formation of prices

    падение цен — fall of / in prices

    резкое падение цен — steep / dramatic fall in prices

    повышение цен — upward adjustment; (после понижения) recovery of prices

    разница цен — price spread, spread of prices

    рост цен — price advance, rise in prices

    снижение цены — price abatement / cut / reduction

    сторона в сделке, определяющая цену — price maker

    установление цены по принципу "что рынок выдержит" — "what the traffic will bear"

    цены внутреннего рынка — home market / domestic / internal prices

    цена — (, выгодная для) покупателя buyer's price

    цены на аграрную продукцию — farm produce / product prices

    цена, обеспечивающая равновесие спроса и предложения — market-clearing price

    цена, обеспечивающая сбыт — salable price

    цена, предлагаемая покупателем — bid price

    цена, предусмотренная контрактом / соглашением — stipulated price

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > цена цен·а

  • 7 передача

    communications, communication, dispatch, (напр. сигналов) dissemination, drive, exchange, gear авто, gearing, passing вчт., ( сигнала) propagation, relay, relaying, rendering, rendition, sending, speed, transfer, transference, transmission
    * * *
    переда́ча ж.
    1. свз. transmission; (передаваемая информация, сообщения) traffic [exchange] of messages; (особ. метод передачи в линию) signalling
    переда́ча А сбра́сывает переда́чу Б — transmission A silences transmission B
    вести́ переда́чу «вслепу́ю» — send [transmit] blind
    вести́ переда́чу для опознава́ния ав.transmit for identification
    вести́ переда́чу с буквопеча́тающим контро́лем — type the home copy while sending
    запи́сывать переда́чу ( об операторе) — transcribe [record] a transmission [a message]
    2. ( вид излучения) emission, transmission
    на второ́й переда́че — in second gear
    на пе́рвой переда́че — in first gear
    на прямо́й переда́че — on direct gear
    на тре́тьей переда́че — in third gear
    переключа́ть переда́чу авто — change [shift] the gears
    переходи́ть на вы́сшую переда́чу автоupshift
    переходи́ть на ни́зшую переда́чу автоdownshift
    рабо́тать че́рез повыша́ющую переда́чу мех.be geared up
    рабо́тать че́рез понижа́ющую переда́чу мех.be geared down
    амплиту́дно-модули́рованная переда́ча — amplitude-modulated [AM] transmission
    переда́ча «бли́ндом» рад.blind transmission
    ве́дущаяся переда́ча свз. — transmission [communication] in progress
    переда́ча в зо́не прямо́й ви́димости рад.line-of-sight transmission
    переда́ча да́нных с непреры́вным автомати́ческим запро́сом подтвержде́ния — continuous-ARQ data communication
    переда́ча да́нных с ожида́нием подтвержде́ния — stop-and-wait ARQ data communication
    внестуди́йная переда́ча — outside broadcasting; outdoor pick-up
    гидравли́ческая переда́ча — hydraulic transmission
    гидродинами́ческая переда́ча — hydrodynamic [hydraulic rotary] transmission
    гидростати́ческая переда́ча — hydrostatic [(positive-)displacement hydraulic] transmission
    гла́вная переда́ча — final drive
    переда́ча да́нных — ( внутри и между ЭВМ и периферийными устройствами) data transfer; ( по линиям связи) data communication, data transmission
    переда́ча двумя́ боковы́ми полоса́ми — double-sideband [DSB] transmission
    зубча́тая переда́ча — gearing, gear train, gear transmission
    зубча́тая, винтова́я переда́ча — crossed-axis helical [hypoid] gearing, skew gearing
    зубча́тая, геликоида́льная переда́ча — crossed-axis helical gearing
    зубча́тая, гиперболо́идная переда́ча — hyperboloid(al) gearing
    зубча́тая, гипо́идная переда́ча — hypoid gearing
    зубча́тая, глобо́идная переда́ча — globoid gearing
    зубча́тая, кони́ческая переда́ча — bevel gearing
    зубча́тая, многоступе́нчатая переда́ча — multiple gearing
    зубча́тая переда́ча Но́викова — Novikov gearing
    зубча́тая, одноступе́нчатая переда́ча — single gearing
    зубча́тая, планета́рная переда́ча — planetary [epicyclic, sun-and-planet] gear
    зубча́тая, повыша́ющая переда́ча — step-up gear(ing)
    зубча́тая, понижа́ющая переда́ча — step-down gear(ing)
    зубча́тая, проста́я переда́ча — simple gearing
    зубча́тая переда́ча с вне́шним зацепле́нием — external gear train
    зубча́тая переда́ча с вну́тренним зацепле́нием — internal gear train
    зубча́тая, торо́идная переда́ча — toroidal-worm [globoid-worm] gearing
    зубча́тая, цикло́идная переда́ча — cycloidal gearing
    зубча́тая, цилиндри́ческая переда́ча — ( общий термин) cylindrical gearing; ( с косозубыми колёсами) helical gearing; ( с прямозубыми колёсами) spur gearing; ( с шевронными колёсами) herring-bone gearing
    зубча́тая, цилиндри́ческая, эвольве́нтная переда́ча — involute gearing
    зубча́тая, шевро́нная переда́ча — herring-bone gear, chevron gear drive
    индика́торная, дистанцио́нная переда́ча
    1. ( процесс) self-synchronous remote indication transmission
    2. ( устройство) (direct) self-synchronous transmission system
    кана́тная переда́ча — rope transmission
    карда́нная переда́ча — gimbal drive, gimbal gear
    клиноремё́нная переда́ча — V-belt transmission
    многокана́льная переда́ча — multichannel transmission
    многокра́тная переда́ча свз.multiplex transmission
    переда́ча на одно́й боково́й полосе́ — single-sideband [SSB] transmission
    переда́ча негати́вным сигна́лом ( в фототелеграфной связи) — white transmission
    переда́ча непреры́вным излуче́нием без модуля́ции — unmodulated CW transmission, unmodulated CW emission
    нереверси́вная переда́ча — unidirectional drive
    плоскоремё́нная переда́ча — flat-belt [band] transmission
    переда́ча положи́тельным сигна́лом ( в фототелеграфной связи) — black transmission
    про́бная переда́ча в полё́те ав.signal check
    про́бная, назе́мная переда́ча ав.maintenance check
    про́бная переда́ча пе́ред вы́летом ав.preflight check
    ре́ечная переда́ча — rack-and-gear drive, rack gear
    ремё́нная переда́ча — belt transmission
    переда́ча ре́чи ( системы передачи данных) — voice transmission (capability)
    блоки́ровать переда́чу ре́чи — depress voice capability
    рыча́жная переда́ча — linkage
    переда́ча с акти́вной па́узой свз. — nonreturn-to-zero [NRZ] signalling
    переда́ча с амплиту́дной манипуля́цией [АТ] — on-off keying, on-off [A1] transmission
    синхро́нная переда́ча (напр., сельсинная) — synchronized transmission (system) (as exemplified by synchro systems)
    синхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в дифференциа́льном режи́ме — differential synchro system
    синхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в индика́торном режи́ме — synchro repeater [synchro direct transmission] system
    синхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в трансформа́торном режи́ме — synchro control-transformer [synchro detector] system
    синхро́нная, сельси́нная индика́торная переда́ча — synchro repeater [synchro direct transmission] system
    переда́ча с относи́тельной фа́зовой манипуля́цией [ОФМ] — phase-difference-shift keying [PDSK] transmission
    переда́ча с пасси́вной па́узой свз. — return-to-zero [RZ] signalling
    переда́ча с пода́вленной несу́щей — suppressed-carrier [SC] transmission
    переда́ча с части́чно пода́вленной боково́й полосо́й — asymmetrical-sideband [vestigial-sideband] transmission
    переда́ча с часто́тной манипуля́цией — frequency-shift-keying [FSK, F1] transmission
    переда́ча телевизио́нных изображе́ний — picture [video] transmission
    телегра́фная переда́ча — telegraph transmission
    переда́ча тепла́ — heat transfer
    переда́ча управле́ния вчт.transfer (of control)
    переда́ча управле́ния по, напр. отрица́тельному результа́ту — transfer (of control) on, e. g., negative
    переда́ча управле́ния, безусло́вная вчт. — unconditional transfer of control, jump
    переда́ча управле́ния, усло́вная — conditional transfer of control, branch
    фототелегра́фная переда́ча — facsimile transmission
    фрикцио́нная переда́ча — friction transmission, friction gear(ing)
    цветна́я переда́ча тлв.colour transmission
    цепна́я переда́ча — chain gear, chain(-and-sprocket) transmission; chain drive gearing, chain(-and-sprocket) drive
    часто́тно-модули́рованная переда́ча — frequency-modulated [FM] transmission
    червя́чная переда́ча — worm gearing
    шароди́сковая переда́ча — ball-and-disk gear(ing)
    электри́ческая переда́ча — electrical transmission
    электромехани́ческая переда́ча — electromechanical transmission
    переда́ча эне́ргии
    1. (явление в физических процессах, напр. при соударениях) energy transfer
    2. ( электроснабжение) power transmission
    переда́ча эне́ргии на постоя́нном то́ке — direct-current power transmission
    * * *
    1) transfer; 2) gear

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > передача

  • 8 делитель

    divider, divisor матем., measure, (напр. доменов) replicator
    * * *
    дели́тель м.
    1. мат. divisor
    2. ( устройство) divider
    дели́тель ва́тки прочё́са текст.web divider
    вну́тренний дели́тель с.-х.inside divider
    дели́тель жа́тки — grain divider
    многоремешко́вый дели́тель текст. — multiple tape divider, multiple tape condenser
    дели́тель на́ два вчт.scale-of-two circuit
    дели́тель напряже́ния — voltage divider
    дели́тель напряже́ния, ё́мкостный — capacitive voltage divider
    дели́тель напряже́ния, оми́ческий — potentiometer-type voltage divider
    дели́тель напряже́ния, секцио́нный — sectionalized voltage divider
    дели́тель на пять вчт.scale-of-five circuit
    нару́жный дели́тель с.-х.clearway divider
    ножево́й дели́тель с.-х.knife divider
    норма́льный дели́тель — normal divisor, normal subgroup
    дели́тель нуля́ — zero divisor
    дели́тель нуля́, по́лный — absolute zero divisor
    о́бщий дели́тель — common divisor
    о́бщий наибо́льший дели́тель — greatest common divisor, GCD
    находи́ть о́бщий наибо́льший дели́тель прямы́м деле́нием — find the GCD by direct division
    находи́ть о́бщий наибо́льший дели́тель разложе́нием на мно́жители — find the GCD by factoring
    полево́й дели́тель с.-х.outside divider
    дели́тель пото́ка ( гидроклапан соотношения расходов) — flow dividing valve
    пропорциона́льный дели́тель с.-х.proportional divider
    прутко́вый дели́тель с.-х.rod divider
    прутко́вый, дугообра́зный дели́тель с.-х.loop divider
    дели́тель пы́ли, слои́стый тепл.multiply divider
    ремешко́вый дели́тель текст. — tape divider, tape condenser
    дели́тель с вертика́льным ре́жущим аппара́том с.-х.vertical-knife divider
    сдви́нутый дели́тель — shifted divisor
    дели́тель с ре́жущим аппара́том с.-х.cutting divider
    строчно́й дели́тель тлв.line divider
    дели́тель то́ка — current divider
    торпе́дный дели́тель с.-х.torpedo divider
    дели́тель частоты́ — frequency divider
    дели́тель частоты́ осуществля́ет деле́ние с коэффицие́нтом, напр. 323 [m2]1 — the divider gives a 32 1 countdown [a countdown of 32 1], the divider counts down in the ratio 32 1, the divider counts down by 32 1
    дели́тель частоты́ за́пуска — trigger countdown circuit
    дели́тель частоты́ на тунне́льном дио́де — tunnel-diode frequency divider
    дели́тель частоты́ повторе́ния и́мпульсов — repetition-rate scaler
    шнекови́дный дели́тель с.-х.auger divider
    электро́нный дели́тель — electronic divider

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > делитель

  • 9 сила

    ж.
    1) физ., тех. force

    си́ла тя́ги — tractive force

    си́ла сцепле́ния — cohesive [kəʊ-] force, cohesion [kəʊ-]

    си́ла тя́жести — gravity

    си́ла тяготе́ния — attraction, gravity

    си́ла сопротивле́ния — resistance

    подъёмная си́ла — carrying capacity / power; авиа lift

    си́ла зву́ка — sound intensity

    си́ла ве́тра — strength of wind

    си́ла то́ка — current strength / intensity

    уда́рная си́ла — striking / hitting power; impact

    2) (степень проявления, интенсивность чего-л) power, force

    уда́р большо́й си́лы — powerful / strong / forceful blow

    си́ла взры́ва — explosive power / force

    землетрясе́ние си́лой 5 ба́ллов — 5-point earthquake

    ве́тер си́лой 6 ба́ллов — wind force 6

    развива́ть си́лу — develop strength

    набира́ть си́лу — gain strength, become stronger

    уда́рить с си́лой — deal a forceful / powerful blow

    4) мн. (способность действовать, энергия) power(s) (pl), strength sg

    собира́ться с си́лами — collect one's strength, gather oneself up

    по́лный сил — full of strength

    испы́тывать чьи-л си́лы — test smb's strength

    приложи́ть все си́лы — do everything in one's power

    выбива́ться из сил — strain oneself to the utmost, lead oneself to exhaustion

    вы́биться из сил, быть без сил — be exhausted [drained; worn out; played out]

    набира́ться сил — gather strength

    быть ещё в си́лах — be still vigorous enough

    си́лы оста́вили / поки́нули его́ книжн.his strength failed him

    5) (крепость, стойкость - о человеческих качествах) power

    си́ла во́ли — willpower

    си́ла ду́ха / хара́ктера — strength of mind, fortitude

    6) (мощное воздействие, влияние) force; power

    си́ла обстоя́тельств — the force of circumstances

    си́ла его́ аргуме́нтов — the force of his arguments

    си́ла привы́чки — the force of habit

    зна́ние - си́ла — knowledge is power

    си́ла красоты́ — the power of beauty

    си́ла её актёрского мастерства́ — the force of her acting

    когда́ мы вме́сте, мы - си́ла — we are strong when we are together

    7) ( мощь) strength

    вое́нная си́ла госуда́рства — the military strength of a nation

    8) ( власть) powerfulness, power

    он в большо́й си́ле — he is very powerful

    си́лой ору́жия — by force of arms

    без примене́ния си́лы — without the use of force

    с по́мощью гру́бой си́лы — by brute force

    поли́тика с пози́ции си́лы — position-of-strength / power policy

    10) юр. ( действенность по закону) force, effect; validity

    си́ла зако́на — validity / force of the law

    входи́ть / вступа́ть в си́лу — come into force, take effect

    обра́тная си́ла зако́на — retroactive effect of the law

    име́ющий си́лу — valid

    остава́ться в си́ле — remain valid, hold good / true; (о судебном решении, приговоре) remain in force

    оставля́ть в си́ле (вн.; о решении, приговоре)confirm (d)

    утра́тить си́лу — lose validity, become invalid

    11) уст. и высок. ( войско) force, army

    собрала́сь огро́мная си́ла — a huge army was formed

    12) мн. воен. forces

    вооружённые си́лы — armed forces

    вое́нно-возду́шные си́лы — air force(s)

    морские́ си́лы — naval forces

    сухопу́тные си́лы — land forces

    гла́вные си́лы — main body sg

    накопле́ние сил — build-up

    13) мн. (люди, общественные группы) forces

    консервати́вные си́лы — conservative forces

    тво́рческие си́лы — creative talent sg

    14) мн. рел. ( чин ангелов) virtues ( an order of angels)

    си́лы небе́сные / беспло́тные — angels; hosts

    15) (в мистических учениях - одна из субстанций, способствующих или мешающих действиям человека) power
    ••

    си́лы небе́сные! в знач. межд. уст. — good heavens!, goodness gracious!

    в си́лу (рд.) в знач. предл. — because of, on account of, owing to, by virtue (of)

    в си́лу э́того — on that ground, accordingly

    в си́лу обстоя́тельств — owing to the force of circumstances

    в си́лу зако́на — by / in virtue of the law

    в си́лу привы́чки — by force of habit, from sheer force of habit

    все́ми си́лами — in every way possible, as hard as one can, with all one's might

    жива́я си́ла воен.manpower

    изо всех си́л, что есть си́лы — with all one's strength / might

    бежа́ть изо всех си́л — run as fast / quickly as one can

    крича́ть изо всех си́л — cry at the top of one's voice

    лошади́ная си́ла тех.horsepower (сокр. HP, h.p.)

    не в си́лах (+ инф.)unable (+ to inf)

    нечи́стая си́ла — см. нечистый

    никаки́ми си́лами (не + инф. или буд. вр.)no power on earth can (+ inf)

    о́бщими си́лами — with combined forces / effort

    от си́лы — at the very most; maximum

    рабо́чая си́ла — labour force, manpower

    сверх / свы́ше сил, не по си́лам, не под си́лу кому́-лbeyond smb's power(s)

    свои́ми си́лами — without outside help

    сил (бо́льше) нет (+ инф.)I can't bear (+ to inf)

    сил нет, как хо́чется (+ инф.)I'm dying (+ to inf)

    с на́ми кре́стная си́ла! как межд. — may the Lord God protect us!, heaven help us!

    со стра́шной си́лой (очень) — terribly; like hell

    э́то в на́ших си́лах — it is within our power; it is quite possible

    че́рез си́лу — 1) ( с трудом) with difficulty; barely 2) ( без желания) unwillingly

    ходи́ть че́рез си́лу — be hardly able to walk

    есть че́рез си́лу — force oneself to eat

    Христо́с в си́ле рел., иск. — Christ [kraɪst] in glory

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > сила

  • 10 делитель

    1. м. мат. divisor
    2. м. divider

    делитель частоты; частотный делительfrequency divider

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > делитель

  • 11 выход


    output
    (агрегата, блока, системы, цепи, выходной сигнал)
    клеммы или другие точки агрегата, блока или устройства, с которых снимается электрический сигнал, напряжение или подается механическое усилие. — terminals or other places where the circuit, or device may deliver the current, voltаgе, power, or driving force.
    - (воздуха, масла, топлива) — (air, oil, fuel) outlet
    - (для пассажиров и экипажа)exit
    -, аварийный — emergency exit (exit)
    люк в кабине самолета. предназначенный для покидания самолета в аварийных случаях (если нельзя воспользоваться обычным выходом) (рис. 102) — each emergency exit is а movable door or hatch in the external walls of the fuselage, allowing unobstructed opening to the outside.
    -, аварийный (для пассажиров) — passenger emergency exit
    к аварийному выходу для пассажиров должен обеспечиваться свободный доступ для быстрого оставления самолета после аварийной посадки. — each required passenger emergency exit must be асcessible to the passengers and located where it will afford the most effective means of passenger evacuatiоn.
    -, аварийный (для членов экипажа) — flight crew emergency exit
    за исключением самолетов с количеством пассажирских мест до 20, самолет должен иметь один аварийный выход или верхний люк в зоне кабины экипажа. — except for airplanes with a passenger capacity of 20 or less there must be either one flight crew emergency exit or а top hatch in the flight crew area.
    -, аварийный, в полу — ventral emergency exit
    - за критический угол атаки система реагирует на углы срабатывания сигнализации предупреждения выхода за критические углы атаки. — stall (angle) overshoot the system suppresses the warning and barrier actuation angles of attack to prevent stall overshoot.
    - из (к-л. маневра) на режим горизонтального прямолинейного полета — recovery from а maneuver to horizontal straight flight
    - из зоны опасной (заданной по радиовысотомеру) высоты — climb /ascent/ above preselected radio altitude minimum (or decision) height
    - из пикированияrecovery from dive
    - из разворотаrecovery from turn
    - из строя (отказ)failure
    - из строя (маневр) — peel-off the maneuver of peeling off from a (military) formation.
    - купола и строп (парашюта) из ранца — parachute deployment, withdrawal of canopy and rigging lines from pack
    - на внешнюю связь — establishment of communications between the aircraft and other aircraft or ground statiоns
    - на вппapproach to runway
    - на глиссаду — glide slope interception glide slope interception occurs automatically.
    - на (заданный) курс (плавный) — (smooth) rollout on the (selected) heading, capture of heading
    - на критический угол атаки — exceeding of the stalling angle, stall (angle) overshoot
    - (подвижного элемента) на концевой выключательactuation of the limit switch (by а moving member)
    - на критический угол атакиreaching of the stall angle
    - на курс (следования) — (new) track interception the course change required to intercept the new track.
    - на крыло, аварийный — overwing emergency exit
    - на линию заданного пути (лзп) — rollout on desired track, desired track interception
    - на осевую линию впп — interception of /rollout on/ runway heading
    - на осевую линию впп и стабилизации на ней (при заходе на посадку)runway heading interception and holding
    - на ось луча глиссадного маякаinterception of glide slope beam
    - на ось луча грм (крм)gs (loc beam interception
    - на ось луча курсового маякаinterception of localizer beam
    - на ппм (полет)approach to wpt
    - на ппм (прибытие)arrival at wpt
    "- на режим" (табло всу) — normal speed
    - на режим горизонтального прямолинейного полетаrecovery to straight-and-level flight
    - на цельapproach to target
    - насосаpump outlet
    - радиатора — cooler exit the cooler exit is provided with shutters.
    - реактивного соплаexhaust nozzle exit
    - резьбыthread run-out
    - рулевого агрегата (привода) на концевые выключатели — limit switch actuation by actuator (or drive).
    - сигналаsignal output
    - сигнала опознавания (радно) станции, звуковой — audio output of (radio) station identification signal
    - усилителяamplifier output
    - штока амортизатора шасси (полный)(full) extension of shock strut piston
    при в. из пикирования — in pull out from dive
    на в. (из) насоса — at the pump outlet, in outlet from the pump
    на в. из усилителя — in output from the amplifier

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > выход

  • 12 емкость


    (battery) capacity
    (аккумулятора)
    количество электричества. забираемое аккумулятором из сети при зарядке и получаемое от аккумулятора при разрядке. е. а, выражается в ампер-часах (а.ч.) — the current-output capability of а cell or battery over a period of time. usually ехpressed in ampere-(lours (ан).
    - (источник подачи жидкости)source

    load the tank with fluid from an outside source of supply.
    - (конденсатор)capacitor (с)
    - (мера вместимости)capacity
    бак емкостью литров — the tank of...-liter capacity.
    - (сосуд)container
    слить топливо из магистрали в емкость, — drain fuel in the line into a suitable container.
    - бака, рабочая (расходуемая) — usable capacity of tank
    - кассеты (фото)magazine capacity
    -, номинальная (эл.) — rated capacitance
    -, фазирующая (конденсатор) емкость — phasing capacitor
    -, электрическая — capacitance
    свойство конденсатора накаппивать электрически изолированные заряды при наличин разности потенциалов на проводниках. — in а capacitor, (hat property which permits the storage of electrically separated charges when potential differences exist between the conductors.

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > емкость

  • 13 анормальный режим энергосистемы

    1. Netzanomalie, f

     

    аномалия энергосистемы
    анормальный режим энергосистемы

    Режим работы энергосистемы, при котором его электрические рабочие параметры, например, напряжение, ток, мощность, частота, устойчивость находятся вне нормы.
    [Разработка типовых структурных схем микропроцессорных устройств РЗА на объектах ОАО "ФКС ЕЭС". Пояснительная записка. Новосибирск 2006 г.]

    анормальный режим энергосистемы


    [В.А.Семенов. Англо-русский словарь по релейной защите]

    EN

    power system abnormality
    power system electrical operating conditions, e.g. voltage, current, power, frequency, stability, outside of normal conditions
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    FR

    situation anormale d'un réseau d'énergie
    conditions de fonctionnement électrique du réseau d'énergie, par exemple tension, courant, puissance, fréquence, stabilité, en dehors des conditions normales
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    • Netzanomalie, f

    FR

    Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > анормальный режим энергосистемы

  • 14 анормальный режим энергосистемы

    1. power system abnormality
    2. power abnormality

     

    аномалия энергосистемы
    анормальный режим энергосистемы

    Режим работы энергосистемы, при котором его электрические рабочие параметры, например, напряжение, ток, мощность, частота, устойчивость находятся вне нормы.
    [Разработка типовых структурных схем микропроцессорных устройств РЗА на объектах ОАО "ФКС ЕЭС". Пояснительная записка. Новосибирск 2006 г.]

    анормальный режим энергосистемы


    [В.А.Семенов. Англо-русский словарь по релейной защите]

    EN

    power system abnormality
    power system electrical operating conditions, e.g. voltage, current, power, frequency, stability, outside of normal conditions
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    FR

    situation anormale d'un réseau d'énergie
    conditions de fonctionnement électrique du réseau d'énergie, par exemple tension, courant, puissance, fréquence, stabilité, en dehors des conditions normales
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    • Netzanomalie, f

    FR

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > анормальный режим энергосистемы

  • 15 крышка дугогасительной камеры

    1. arc cover

     

    крышка дугогасительной камеры
    -

    4489
    Рис. LS Industrial Systems

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Arc which may arise while breaking faulty current is extinguished first by Arc chute in main body of circuit breaker and then completely extinguished by Arc cover.
    By preventing arc from exposing to the outside, it protects itself from all kinds of accidents.

    [LS Industrial Systems]

    Возникающая при отключении тока дуга сначала гасится в дугогасительной камере внутри выключателя, а затем окончательно гасится крышкой дугогасительной камеры.
    Крышка не допускает распространения дуги наружу, а также защищает выключатель сверху.

    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > крышка дугогасительной камеры

  • 16 анормальный режим энергосистемы

    1. situation anormale d'un réseau d'énergie

     

    аномалия энергосистемы
    анормальный режим энергосистемы

    Режим работы энергосистемы, при котором его электрические рабочие параметры, например, напряжение, ток, мощность, частота, устойчивость находятся вне нормы.
    [Разработка типовых структурных схем микропроцессорных устройств РЗА на объектах ОАО "ФКС ЕЭС". Пояснительная записка. Новосибирск 2006 г.]

    анормальный режим энергосистемы


    [В.А.Семенов. Англо-русский словарь по релейной защите]

    EN

    power system abnormality
    power system electrical operating conditions, e.g. voltage, current, power, frequency, stability, outside of normal conditions
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    FR

    situation anormale d'un réseau d'énergie
    conditions de fonctionnement électrique du réseau d'énergie, par exemple tension, courant, puissance, fréquence, stabilité, en dehors des conditions normales
    [IEV ref 448-13-01]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    • Netzanomalie, f

    FR

    Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > анормальный режим энергосистемы

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